1) What do you believe Paul means in verse 8 when he says he wants men to ‘lift up holy hands in prayer’? In your life, how much of a distraction do you find people that pray or worship in a different manner than you are accustomed?

2) What are the implications of verse 9 for women today? Why is this important?

3) Girls, in verse 11, what image comes to mind when you hear the word ‘submission’ (or ‘submissive’)? Guys…if women are called to be submissive, what are you called to be? What do you believe are the defining characteristics of a real man?

4) Regarding verse 12, to what extent – if any – should women teach or have authority over men today?

5) In verses 13-14, is Paul suggesting that Eve was really the one responsible for the fall of mankind? Why or why not?

6) In verse 15, what does the word ‘saved’ mean? Is childbearing the means by which women are reconciled to God? Why or why not?

7) MOST IMPORTANT – What is your takeaway? Is this merely a cultural-specific passage that doesn’t really have relevance any more, or is there more to it?

It was very kind of all of you to come and offer your support and well-wishes as Natalie and I embark on a new phase in our lives. I apologize for my awkwardness. Generally speaking, the limelight doesn’t suit me, and I never know how to handle positive feedback or praise. Extra special thanks to James and Susan for organizing things, and to Toby and Nick for saying such wonderful words.

I believe that the Holy Spirit has moved amongst this group, and that God himself had a hand in orchestrating so many moments that we experienced over the last few years. I feel blessed to have been a part of it, and humbled that you more or less entrusted me with the awesome task of teaching (a task I took quite seriously…most of the time).

I was so touched last night by the kind words that many of you had for me and Nat. I get so wrapped up in the Bible and the message that I’m trying to communicate that I often fail to build relationships or notice that I’m building relationships. There are so many folks in this group that I really only see on Tuesday Night, and yet I feel like I know you so well. How fortunate I am to know you.

I know that God will continue to move among FCC and “El Grupo” aka “Tuesday Night.”

Nat and I will be around town, let’s not be total strangers!

Oh, and the Kindle was probably the coolest gift ever. Seriously, I’m geeking out!

I’ll go ahead and give away my hand and make it known that I think that women have been historically marginalized in Western Culture and that a misunderstanding and misinterpretation of the Bible are very much at the center of this phenomenon. I’ve actually heard accounts of this first hand:

• I have heard stories of women who struggle with their place because they feel that the Bible speaks disparagingly of them.
• I’ve heard men admit that they have a misogynistic view of the world. Furthermore, they feel that they are justified in this view because of certain Biblical texts.

Quite frankly, it all saddens me. I think that anyone reading the Bible with an astute eye would come away with some images of some extremely strong women.

At any rate, that’s what I’d like to look at next week. If you have questions or suggestions or passage that have been particularly difficult for you, let me know in the comments (or send me or James an email). I’d especially love to hear from the ladies out there!

Below you’ll find a tapestry of some strong women of history!

Here’s what I think we will do tomorrow night:

• Read all three chapters aloud.
• Answer any questions that you might have on those three chapters. (So, if you’ve got stuff you don’t understand, write it down and bring it. We will do this VERY quickly.)
• Spend some silent time in prayer thinking about the Life of Abraham.
• Discuss what God has taught us through this story about Abraham.

If you’re wanting to go back and relive some of Abraham’s life, then, by all means, go back to chapter 12 and read all the way through 25! I don’t think that would be a bad idea.

I hope that makes sense. Should you have any questions, email me or post something in the comments here.

See you tomorrow!

“The Psychology of Abraham (Genesis 22)”

To boil it down, I replay some of our discussion on the chapter and then offer a few more thoughts that we didn’t have time to discuss. My aim was to think about what was going on with Abraham at a specific point within the story. Here’s a teaser:

When we lose something or are in danger of losing something, we often downplay its significance for us. We do this not only to make a great external show to put up a façade of strength, but also to put a wall around our hearts and preserve them from the pain and horror of loss.

I hope you’ll check it out.

I’d also like to draw your attention to the comments. There’s a nice little discussion going on there between me, a Mormon, and a Quaker. Gotta love it!

If you missed it, the story follows Ben McPherson, a Mormon artist who is working on a series of paintings depicting New Testament events. His quest for models leads him to the hobos and outcasts of Salt Lake City as well as a Marxist economics grad student and his girlfriend, a former Mormon herself. Each person in the episode has something to say about the role of religion and God in their lives and the lives of those around them.

In our discussion, we immediately latched on to the brokenness that Mormonism seems to have engendered in each of these people. However, I think that we could insert almost anything in the place of “Mormonism” in that equation. No matter how inclusive we might try to be, religion — by the very fact that it takes a stand, demarcating what one believes about the nature of reality — is an exclusivist enterprise. The problem wasn’t Mormonism; the problem was legalism and religion.

Legalism is pervasive amongst Christian denominations. This is unfortunate, because Christ was not a legalistic dude. In fact, Christ berated the chief legalists of his day, the Pharisees. Check out what Jesus says (Matthew 23:13–36, ESV):

¹³“But woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you shut the kingdom of heaven in people’s faces. For you neither enter yourselves nor allow those who would enter to go in. ¹⁵Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you travel across sea and land to make a single proselyte, and when he becomes a proselyte, you make him twice as much a child of hell as yourselves.

¹⁶“Woe to you, blind guides, who say, ‘If anyone swears by the temple, it is nothing, but if anyone swears by the gold of the temple, he is bound by his oath.’ ¹⁷You blind fools! For which is greater, the gold or the temple that has made the gold sacred? ¹⁸And you say, ‘If anyone swears by the altar, it is nothing, but if anyone swears by the gift that is on the altar, he is bound by his oath.’ ¹⁹You blind men! For which is greater, the gift or the altar that makes the gift sacred? ²⁰So whoever swears by the altar swears by it and by everything on it. ²¹And whoever swears by the temple swears by it and by him who dwells in it. ²²And whoever swears by heaven swears by the throne of God and by him who sits upon it.

²³ “Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you tithe mint and dill and cumin, and have neglected the weightier matters of the law: justice and mercy and faithfulness. These you ought to have done, without neglecting the others. ²⁴You blind guides, straining out a gnat and swallowing a camel!

²⁵ “Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you clean the outside of the cup and the plate, but inside they are full of greed and self-indulgence. ²⁶You blind Pharisee! First clean the inside of the cup and the plate, that the outside also may be clean.

²⁷ “Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you are like whitewashed tombs, which outwardly appear beautiful, but within are full of dead people’s bones and all uncleanness. ²⁸So you also outwardly appear righteous to others, but within you are full of hypocrisy and lawlessness.

²⁹ “Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you build the tombs of the prophets and decorate the monuments of the righteous, ³⁰saying, ‘If we had lived in the days of our fathers, we would not have taken part with them in shedding the blood of the prophets.’ ³¹Thus you witness against yourselves that you are sons of those who murdered the prophets. ³² Fill up, then, the measure of your fathers. ³³You serpents, you brood of vipers, how are you to escape being sentenced to hell? ³⁴ Therefore I send you prophets and wise men and scribes, some of whom you will kill and crucify, and some you will flog in your synagogues and persecute from town to town, ³⁵so that on you may come all the righteous blood shed on earth, from the blood of innocent Abel to the blood of Zechariah the son of Barachiah, whom you murdered between the sanctuary and the altar. ³⁶Truly, I say to you, all these things will come upon this generation.

Legalism means improperly fixating on rules and regulations, pegging our salvation on adherence to those rules. I can tell you without a doubt that I am frequently guilty of this.

What rules and regulations are you holding on to that keep you from fully experiencing freedom in Christ?

What rules and regulations do you impose on other people that keeps you from loving them as your brother/sister?

So, what did we talk about?

Mostly, we talked about the story and the struggle of Abraham. The text is terse when it comes to Abraham’s feelings. Therefore, we are forced to speculate about how ol’ Abe felt when God asked him to sacrifice Isaac. Some felt like Abraham was the ultimate faith warrior (a “Knight of Faith” as Kierkegaard would say); therefore, he hopped to it and didn’t ask questions. Others felt like Abraham probably agonized over the decision all the way up to the point where the angel stayed his hand. I have a few thoughts on this myself, but I’ll save them for another time.

We also talked about Isaac’s role in this business. How old was Isaac? Was he old enough to resist? Did he go along willingly? Etc. Some felt like he was too young to resist his father. Others noted the fact that Isaac needed to be bound.

Finally, we touched briefly on parallels to the Crucifixion. Abraham, like God, (nearly) sacrificed his beloved son. That son was forced to carry the instrument of his death (wood) up a hill and into the unknown. There’s so much here, and I’m sorry that we barely got to hit it.

I had a full page of “big ideas” that I’ve drawn from Genesis 22. I looked at my page this morning and realized that we only hit a couple of them. Consequently, I would like to revisit Genesis 22 next week (July 21). We will probably split our time between Genesis 22 and Genesis 23. At some point in the next day or two I’ll put up some questions for Genesis 23. Also, be looking ahead to July 28, when we’ll breeze through Genesis 24 and 25 and then have a Q&A about Abraham and Sarah and what they have meant to history, literature, and the Christian and Jewish faiths.

Blessings!

"The Sacrifice of Isaac" by Caravaggio (ca. 1601–02)

Genesis 22 has found its way into numerous works of art, pieces of literature, and songs. Here are just a few. Feel free to provide links to some more if you know of any.

“Abraham to kill him…”

by Emily Dickinson

Abraham to kill him—
Was distinctly told—
Isaac was an Urchin—
Abraham was old—

Not a hesitation—
Abraham complied—
Flattered by Obeisance
Tyranny demurred—

Isaac—to his children
Lived to tell the tale—
Moral—with a Mastiff
Manners may prevail.

"Sacrifice of Isaac" by Chagal (ca. 1960–65)

“The Parable of the Old Man and the Young Man”

by Wilfred Owen
Owen’s parable ends a tad differently than Genesis 22.

So Abram rose, and clave the wood, and went,
And took the fire with him, and a knife.
And as they sojourned both of them together,
Isaac the first-born spake and said, My Father,
Behold the preparations, fire and iron,
But where the lamb for this burnt-offering?
Then Abram bound the youth with belts and straps
and builded parapets and trenches there,
And stretchèd forth the knife to slay his son.
When lo! an angel called him out of heaven,
Saying, Lay not thy hand upon the lad,
Neither do anything to him, thy son.
Behold! Caught in a thicket by its horns,
A Ram. Offer the Ram of Pride instead.
But the old man would not so, but slew his son,
And half the seed of Europe, one by one.

Excerpt from “Highway 61 Revisted”

by Bob Dylan

God said to Abraham, “Kill me a son.”
Abe said, “Man, you must be puttin’ me on.”
God said, “No.” Abe said, “What?”
God said, “You can do what you want, Abe, but
“The next time you see me comin’ you better run.”
Abe said, “Where do you want this killin’ done?”
God said, “Out on Highway Sixty-One.”

"Sacrifice of Isaac" by Chagal

On July 14th we’ll be looking at Genesis 22. Some folks call this “The Sacrifice of Isaac” while others call it “The Binding of Isaac” (traditional Jewish title). Here are some things to think about as you read the text this week:

• Which name do you prefer? “Sacrifice of Isaac” or “Binding of Isaac”?
• Why does God refer to Isaac has Abraham’s “only son” (v. 2)?
• Generally speaking, what’s going on with human sacrifice? What do we know about it?
• What are your feelings about this story? Does it hit you on a gut level? Intellectual level? No level?

Depending on how things go this week, we might spend two weeks looking at this story, as I feel it’s one of the most crucial pieces of the Old Testament. A lot of ink has been spilled on this one…

Bless y’all!